Overview of ethical hacking principles and methodologies

Understanding hacker mindsets: ethical vs. malicious hacking

Legal and ethical considerations in cybersecurity

Roles and responsibilities of an ethical hacker

Techniques for gathering intelligence on target networks and systems

Tools and methods for passive and active information gathering

Identifying domain names, IP addresses, and network infrastructure

Social media and public data sources exploitation

Methods to scan networks for live hosts, open ports, and running services

Hands-on use of popular scanning tools like Nmap, Nessus, and OpenVAS

Understanding port scanning types: TCP SYN, UDP scans, and their impact

Analyzing scan results to identify exploitable weaknesses in the network

Extracting critical information such as usernames, machine names, network shares, and services

Using enumeration tools like SNMPWalk, NetBIOS, and LDAP enumeration

How enumeration exposes entry points for attacks

Practical exercises on network and system enumeration

Auditing hosts, services, and applications to detect security vulnerabilities

Integration of automated scanning and manual testing for accuracy

Prioritizing vulnerabilities based on risk and potential impact

Reporting vulnerability findings with professional documentation

Psychological manipulation tactics to deceive users into revealing sensitive information

Common attack types: phishing, pretexting, baiting, and tailgating

Methods to recognize and mitigate social engineering threats

Importance of security awareness training for organizations

Exploiting active sessions to gain unauthorized access

Techniques such as session fixation, sidejacking, and cross-site scripting (XSS)

Tools and prevention techniques to secure user sessions

Understanding the role of IDS and firewalls in network security

Techniques used by hackers to bypass security defenses

Recognizing and avoiding traps like honeypots and deception technologies

Best practices to strengthen network defenses

Identifying vulnerabilities in web servers such as Apache, IIS, and Nginx

Common web server attacks including directory traversal, file inclusion, and misconfigurations

Security hardening techniques for web servers

In-depth exploration of web application vulnerabilities: XSS, CSRF, and broken authentication

Use of penetration testing tools like Burp Suite and OWASP ZAP

How to secure web applications against common exploits

Understanding SQL Injection (SQLi) and its impact on databases

Techniques for detecting and exploiting SQL injection vulnerabilities

Best practices to prevent SQL injection attacks

Security challenges in Wi-Fi networks and wireless communication

Techniques for cracking Wi-Fi encryption protocols: WEP, WPA, WPA2

Tools for wireless auditing and penetration testing

How to protect wireless networks from unauthorized access

Security risks unique to Android and iOS mobile devices

Techniques to exploit mobile OS vulnerabilities and insecure apps

Mobile device management (MDM) and security best practices

Overview of IoT device architecture and common security flaws

Methods hackers exploit IoT devices in smart homes, industries, and wearables

Security measures to safeguard IoT ecosystems

Fundamentals of cloud computing and its associated risks

Security challenges in multi-tenant cloud environments like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud

Best practices for securing cloud infrastructure and services

Principles of encryption, hashing, and digital signatures

Difference between symmetric and asymmetric cryptography

Role of cryptography in data confidentiality and integrity

Introduction to bug bounty programs and how to legally report vulnerabilities

Penetration testing process: planning, reconnaissance, exploitation, and reporting

Hands-on training with tools like Nmap, Metasploit, and AD Pentesting tools

Understanding ethical disclosure and responsible vulnerability management